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芸術と自然の美を巡る旅  

古来から和歌や俳句に読まれた名峰・富士山の魅力

富士山
Mt. Fuji, expected to be the World Heritage.
古来から和歌や俳句に読まれた名峰・富士山の魅力_a0113718_09220034.jpg

二十曲峠から見た富士山


日本最古の歌集が「万葉集」です。4500首以上の中に11首、富士山を読んだ歌があるといわれています。内容は富士山の崇高な美しさ、火山活動による畏れ、恋心の比喩と多彩で、古人が富士山に対しさまざまな思いをかさねて歌を詠んでいます。






「百人一首は、百人の歌人の歌を一首ずつ撰んで集めた歌集で、平安時代から行われていました。藤原定家が編纂した「小倉百人一首」は特に有名で、奈良時代初期の宮廷歌人、山部赤人の富士山を詠った歌はあまりにも有名です。


富士山は、江戸時代の松尾芭蕉、小林一茶、近現代では、正岡子規、高浜虚子など多くの一流の俳人に詠まれてきました。静岡県では、古今の歌人の作品、古今の俳人の作品から、「富士山百人一首」『富士山百人一句』を編纂しました。



Mt. Fuji is the most famous mountain inJapan. The area surrounding Mt. Fuji is a most attractive tourist route forthere are all kinds of sightseeing spots as well as resorts. To climb Mt. Fuji,you will need to plan an overnight visit. If, however, you wish to go on a daytrip, we recommend a bus tour that will take you to the Fifth Station of Mt.Fuji and well-known sightseeing spots in the environs such as the Five Lakes ofFuji known as 'Fuji-go-ko' and Hakone. In fine weather, you will be able tocommand a magnificent view of Mt. Fuji.




古来から和歌や俳句に読まれた名峰・富士山の魅力_a0113718_09232648.jpg

忍野八海から見た富士山




万葉集から

田児の浦ゆ、うち出でて見れば、真白にそ、富士の高嶺(たかね)に、雪は降りける


天地の別れし時ゆ、神さびて、高く貴き駿河なる富士の高嶺を、天の原振り放け見れば、渡る日の影も隠らひ、照る月の光も見えず、白雲もい行きはばかり、時じくぞ雪は降りける、語り継ぎ言ひ継ぎ行かむ、富士の高嶺は

(山部宿禰赤人)



富士の嶺()を、高み畏(かしこ)み、天雲もい行きはばかり、たなびくものを


富士の嶺に降り置く雪は、六月(みなづき)の十五日(もち)に消ぬれば、その夜降りけり


なまよみの甲斐(かひ)の国、うち寄する駿河(するが)の国と、こちごちの国のみ中ゆ、出で立てる、富士の高嶺は、天雲も、い行きはばかり、飛ぶ鳥も飛びも上らず、燃ゆる火を雪もち消ち、降る雪を火もち消ちつつ、言ひも得ず、名付けも知らず、くすしくも、います神かも、せの海と名付けてあるも、その山のつつめる海ぞ、富士川と人の渡るも、その山の水のたぎちぞ、日の本の大和の国の鎮めとも、います神かも、宝ともなれる山かも、駿河なる富士の高嶺は見れど飽かぬかも                            (高橋虫麻呂)


妹が名も、我が名も立たば、惜しみこそ、富士の高嶺の、燃えつつわたれ


富士の嶺のいや遠長き、山道をも、妹(いも)がりとへば、けによばず来()


霞居る、富士の山びに、我が来なば、いづち向きてか、妹が嘆かむ





古来から和歌や俳句に読まれた名峰・富士山の魅力_a0113718_09251979.jpg

西湖河畔から見た富士山




Haiku poems date from 9th century Japan tothe present day. Haiku is more than a type of poem; it is a way of looking atthe physical world and seeing something deeper, like the very nature ofexistence.

History and Structure of Haiku Poems


A haiku poem consists of three lines, withthe first and last line having 5 moras, and the middle line having 7. A mora isa sound unit, much like a syllable, but is not identical to it. Since the morasdo not translate well into English, it has been adapted and syllables are usedas moras.


Haiku started out as a popular activityduring the 9th to 12th centuries in Japan called “tanka.” It was a progressivepoem, where one person would write the first three lines with a 5-7-5structure, and the next person would add to it a section with a 7-7 structure.The chain would continue in this fashion. So if you wanted some old examples ofhaiku poems, you could read the first verse of a “tanka” from the 9th century.


The first verse was called a “hokku” andset the mood for the rest of the verses. Sometimes there were hundreds of verses and authors of the “hokku” wereoften admired for their skill. In the 19th century, the “hokku” took on a lifeof its own and began to be written and read as an individual poem. The word“haiku” is derived from “hokku.”


The three masters of “hokku” from the 17thcentury were Basho, Issa, and Buson. Their work is still the model of haiku writing today. They were poetswho wandered the countryside, experiencing life and observing nature, and spentyears perfecting their craft.


Haiku Poems From the Masters

A review of haiku poems is an excellent wayto become familiar with this form of poetry. Remember that in translation, themoras won’t be the same as syllables. In Japanese, there are 5 moras in thefirst and third line, and 7 in the second, following the 5-7-5 structure ofhaiku.




古来から和歌や俳句に読まれた名峰・富士山の魅力_a0113718_09261556.jpg
精進湖から見た富士山



Basho Matsuo

An old silent pond...

A frog jumps into the pond,

splash! Silence again.

Autumn moonlight—

a worm digs silently

into the chestnut.

Lightning flash—

what I thought were faces

are plumes of pampas grass.


Yosa Buson

A summer river being crossed

how pleasing

with sandals in my hands!

Light of the moon

Moves west, flowers' shadows

Creep eastward.

In the moonlight,

The color and scent of the wisteria

Seems far away.


Kobayaski Issa

O snail

Climb Mount Fuji,

But slowly, slowly!

Trusting the Buddha, good and bad,

I bid farewell

To the departing year.

Everything I touch

with tenderness, alas,

pricks like a bramble.


Natsume Soseki

Over the wintry

forest, winds howl in rage

with no leaves to blow.

The crow has flown away:

swaying in the evening sun,

a leafless tree.





富士山の写真ギラリー

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Mt. Fuji photo Girari

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by desire_san | 2015-12-18 09:20 | 富士山・八ヶ岳連峰・山梨 | Comments(0)

by desire_san